Purpose/Significance This paper aims to explore the acceptance behavior of the elderly for the application of new technologies and find out its regular pattern.Method/Process Based on the UTAUT2 and ...TRI, this paper constructed a behavior model of the elderly for the use of augmented reality tourism scenarios, put forward research hypotheses, collected data by means of questionnaire survey, and verified hypotheses by using structural equation model, SPSS and AMOS software, to verify the influencing factors of augmented reality tourism scene acceptance behavior among the elderly. Result/Conclusion The results show that: the contributing factors in the elderly group cannot significantly affect the use intention, but significantly affect the use behavior. Performance expectation, effort expectation, social impact, price value and discomfort are the main antecedents of use intention in the elderly group. The use intention of the elderly is a significant influencing factor of use behavior, and hedonic motivat
The aim of the current study was to review the current state and characteristics of the elderly population in China in the context of aging, difficulties and challenges faced by older people, and ...efforts of the current Chinese Government in this area. The process of population aging in China began to accelerate in the late 1970s and has continued to increase at a rate of about 3.2% per year since then. This process took more than 45 years in developed countries, while it took only about 27 years in China, and aging may continue to increase for a long time. China is now moving toward a superannuated society due to declining fertility rates and increasing life expectancy. There is a great need for care due to the high disease burden among older people. However, more than 1 million "families have lost their only child", and this number is increasing annually by about 76,000; moreover, there are a large number of "deficient families with an injured family member" in China. These families face greater difficulties due to aging and need to rely on society for more support given the lack of care provided by their children or spouses. The current study has focused on improving the quality of life of older people, helping them achieve healthy aging, and to assist the country in further providing care for the elderly.
Summary Older subjects are at increased risk of partial or complete loss of independence due to acute and/or chronic disease and often of concomitant protein caloric malnutrition. Nutritional care ...and support should be an indispensable part of their management. Enteral nutrition is always the first choice for nutrition support. However, when patients cannot meet their nutritional requirements adequately via the enteral route, parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated. PN is a safe and effective therapeutic procedure and age per se is not a reason to exclude patients from this treatment. The use of PN should always be balanced against a realistic chance of improvement in the general condition of the patient. Lower glucose tolerance, electrolyte and micronutrient deficiencies and lower fluid tolerance should be assumed in older patients treated by PN. Parenteral nutrition can be administered either via peripheral or central veins. Subcutaneous administration is also a possible solution for basic hydration of moderately dehydrated subjects. In the terminal, demented or dying patient the use of PN or hydration should only be given in accordance with other palliative treatments. Summary of statements: Geriatrics Subject Recommendations Grade Number Indications Age per se is not a reason to exclude patients from PN. C IV 1.1. PN is indicated and may allow adequate nutrition in patients who cannot meet their nutritional requirements via the enteral route. C IV 1.1. PN support should be instituted in the older person facing a period of starvation of more than 3 days or if intake is likely to be insufficient for more than 7–10 days, and when oral or enteral nutrition is impossible. C IV 1.1. Pharmacological sedation or physical restraining to make PN possible is not justified. C IV 1.1. PN is a useful and effective method of nutritional support in older persons but compared to EN and oral nutritional supplements are much less often justified. B III 1.2. Metabolic/physiological features in older subjects Insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia together with impairment of cardiac and renal function are the most relevant features. They may warrant the use of formulae with higher lipid content. C IV 2 Deficiencies in vitamins, trace elements and minerals should be suspected in older subjects. B IIb 2 The effect of nutritional support on restoration of depleted body cell mass is lower in elderly patients than in younger subjects. The oxidation capacity for lipid emulsions is not negatively influenced by age. B IIa 2 Peripheral PN Both central and peripheral nutrition can be used in geriatric patients. C IV 3 Osmolarity of peripheral parenteral nutrition should not be higher than 850 mOsmol/l. B III 3 Subcutaneous fluid administration The subcutaneous route is possible for fluid administration in order to correct mild to moderate dehydration but not to meet other nutrient requirements. A Ia 4 PN and nutritional status PN can improve nutritional status in older as well as in younger adults. However, active physical rehabilitation is essential for muscle gain. B IIb 5 Functional status PN can support improvement of functional status, but the margin of improvement is lower than in younger patients. C IV 6 Morbidity and mortality PN can reduce mortality and morbidity in older as well as in middle-aged subjects. C IV 7 Length of hospital stay No studies have assessed length of hospital stay in older patients on PN. 8 Quality of life Long-term parenteral nutrition does not influence quality of life of older patients more negatively than it does in younger subjects. C IV 9 Specific complications There are no specific complications of PN in geriatric patients compared to other ages, but complications tend to be more frequent due to associated comorbidities. C IV 10 Specific situations Indications for PN are similar in younger and older adults in the hospital and at home. B III 11 Ethical problems PN or parenteral hydration should be considered as medical treatments rather than as basic care. Therefore their use should be balanced against a realistic chance of improvement in the general condition. C IV 12
Ageing in Place in Urban Environments considers together two major trends influencing economic and social life: population ageing on the one side and urbanisation on the other. Both have been ...identified as dominant demographic trends of the twenty-first century. Cities are where the majority of people of all ages now live and where they will spend their old age. Nevertheless, cities are typically imagined and structured with a younger, working-age population in mind while older people are rarely incorporated into the mainstream of thinking and planning around urban environments. Cities can contribute to vulnerability arising from high levels of population turnover, environmental problems, gentrification, and reduced availability of affordable housing. However, they can also provide innovative forms of support and services essential to promoting the quality of life of older people. Policies in Europe have emphasised the role of the local environment in promoting “ageing in place”, a term used to describe the goal of helping people to remain in their own homes and communities for as long as they wish. However, while this has been the dominant approach, the places in which older people are ageing have often proved to be challenging environments. The book explores the forces behind these developments and how older people have responded. Drawing upon approaches from social gerontology, urban studies, geography, and sociology, this book will be essential reading for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners searching for innovative ways to improve the lives of older people living in urban environments.
Introduction: Thai society is becoming an aging society due to the increase of the population aged 60 years or above. Developing the elderly care system in the community is important and needs ...cooperation from many sectors in order to provide care for the elderly effectively. The objective of this research was to explore the meanings of the elderly care system in community in Thailand, using a qualitative research approach.Methods: This descriptive qualitative research design was conducted with 40 informants at a community in a province located at the lower northern region of Thailand. The informants were divided into two groups. 1) The main informants were the Chief Executive of the Local Administrative Organization (LAO). 2) The secondary informants were those who had been guided to help the elderly in the community and family. The data were collected by observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and document study. The reliability of the data was verified by triangulation. The data were analyzed by content analysis.Results: The results of the meanings of the elderly care system in community was defined as five themes: providing help and support, having networks, volunteerism, having knowledge and knowledge management, and community solidarity.Conclusion: The elderly care system in the community is in line with the participation process of all parties, both inside and outside the area, to jointly conduct activities to deal with problems and develop various operations in the area to support the elderly care system in the community.
There were many challenges, successes, and concerns in providing long-term care to older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Looking at central North Carolina, the authors highlight the implications ...of providing long-term care to older Americans, with an emphasis on the importance of communication, resilience of staff, and value of human infrastructure.Based on extensive interviews, this collection of essays reflects on the participants’ individual experiences and represents the voices of staff and caregivers working in long-term residential care communities, in-home and community-based programs, as well as regional aging service providers and advocates.
To examine the spectrum of neuropathology in persons from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a longitudinal community-based clinical-pathologic cohort study.
The study includes older persons who ...agreed to annual clinical evaluation and brain donation. We examined the neuropathologic diagnoses, including Alzheimer disease (AD) (NIA-Reagan Criteria), cerebral infarctions, and Parkinson disease/Lewy body disease (PD/LBD), in the first 141 autopsies. We calculated the frequency of each diagnosis alone and mixed diagnoses. We used logistic regression to compare one to multiple diagnoses on the odds of dementia.
Twenty persons (14.2%) had no acute or chronic brain abnormalities. The most common chronic neuropathologic diagnoses were AD (n = 80), cerebral infarctions (n = 52), and PD/LBD (n = 24). In persons with dementia (n = 50), 38.0% (n = 19) had AD and infarcts, 30.0% (n = 15) had pure AD, and 12% each had vascular dementia (n = 6) and AD with PD/LBD (n = 6). In those without dementia (n = 91), 28.6% (n = 26) had no chronic diagnostic abnormalities, 24.2% (n = 22) had pure AD, and 17.6% (n = 16) had infarctions. In persons with dementia, over 50% had multiple diagnoses (AD, PD/LBD, or infarcts), whereas, in persons without dementia, over 80% had one or no diagnosis. After accounting for age, persons with multiple diagnoses were almost three times (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.2, 6.7) more likely to exhibit dementia compared to those with one pathologic diagnosis.
The majority of community-dwelling older persons have brain pathology. Those with dementia most often have multiple brain pathologies, which greatly increases the odds of dementia.
The strengths and opportunities of ageing and the ageing population. Silver empowerment is a valuable paradigm to improve care and support systems for older persons. It aims to counteract the ...dominant image of ageing, which is all too often one of decline, dependency and vulnerability, and rather sees ageing and the ageing population as a challenge that opens up new opportunities. By focusing on the strengths and connections of older persons, silver empowerment strives for an inclusive, age-friendly society that will allow everyone to grow old with dignity and meaning. In this book, leading academics from a variety of disciplines discuss ways to enhance the empowerment of older persons in practice. Covering a wide range of topics such as resilience, loneliness, community-based care, the interplay between formal and informal care, the inclusion of older persons’ perspectives in research and care, and empowering policy, Silver Empowerment is of interest to academics, policy makers and practitioners interested in empowerment and care and support systems for older persons.
Contributors: Jasper De Witte (KU Leuven), Tine Van Regenmortel (KU Leuven / Tilburg University), Leen Heylen (Thomas More), Benedicte De Koker (HOGENT), Dimitri Mortelmans (University of Antwerp), Anja Declercq (KU Leuven), Elena Bendien (Leyden Academy on Vitality and Ageing), Susan Woelders (Leyden Academy on Vitality and Ageing), Tineke Abma (Leiden University Medical Center / Leyden Academy on Vitality and Ageing), Meriam Janssen (Tilburg University), Katrien Luijkx (Tilburg University), Aukelien Scheffelaar (Tilburg University), Annerieke Stoop (Tilburg University), Jozef Pacolet (KU Leuven), Gregorio Rodríguez Cabrero (University of Alcalá), Simón Sosvilla-Rivero (Complutense University of Madrid), Katrien Steenssens (KU Leuven). Ebook available in Open Access. This publication is GPRC-labeled (Guaranteed Peer-Reviewed Content).
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