In this study, we re-examined the facilitation that occurs when auditorily presented monosyllabic primes and targets share their final phonemes, and in particular the rime (e.g., /vɔʀd/-/kɔʀd/). More ...specifically, we asked whether this rime facilitation effect is also observed when the two last consonants of the rime are transposed (e.g., /vɔʀd/-/kɔʀd/). In comparison to a control condition in which the primes and the targets were unrelated (e.g., /pylt/-/kɔʀd/), we found significant priming effects in both the rime (/vɔʀd/-/kɔʀd/) and the transposed-phoneme "rime" /vɔdʀ/-/kɔʀd/ conditions. We also observed a significantly greater priming effect in the former condition than in the latter condition. We use the theoretical framework of the TISK model (Hannagan et al., 2013) to propose a novel account of final overlap phonological priming in terms of activation of both position-independent phoneme representations and bi-phone representations.
We present a series of computational simulations of the auditory lexical decision task using the jTRACE and TISK models of spoken word recognition. Simulation 1 replicates high accuracy in word ...recognition and similar performance of these models using the small, default dictionary. Simulation 2 expands the set of words and phonemes, leading to issues in representing certain phonemes in jTRACE. Simulation 3 expands the lexicon of competitors and we find that TISK struggles to select the target word as the winner. Finally, Simulation 4 shows that the decision criteria employed leads to many false positives when pseudowords are presented to the model. None of the model estimates of the time cycle when the winner should be selected predicted participant response latency in the auditory lexical decision task. We discuss these findings and offer suggestions as to what a contemporary model of spoken word recognition should be able to do.
Článek si klade některé teoretické otázky, které se vztahují k pojmům "nová náboženství" a "tradiční náboženství" a neschopnosti současné sociologie a religionistiky objasnit, co označení "nový" v ...souvislosti s náboženstvím znamená. Autor se snaží vyjasnit tento problém skrze kontextuální analýzu fenoménu akulturace hinduismu v českém okultismu na počátku 20. století. Dochází ke zjištění, že nejdůležitější podmínkou, která zmíněný jev umožnila, byl rozvoj tisku a trhu s tištěnými publikacemi. Masový přístup k tištěným materiálům vyústil v zásadní proměnu organizačních struktur stejně jako způsobů myšlení a víry. Tato transformace výrazně ovlivnila tzv. tradiční církve stejnou měrou jako "nová náboženství". Můžeme však přesto objevit určité sociologicky podstatné rozdíly u odlišných typů moderních náboženských projevů. Podobně je tomu i v případě tendence držet se vymezených kánonů a podřizování se příslušné náboženské autoritě v protikladu k důrazu na neomezenost individuální volby a výhradní autority vlastního já.
Risk-factors for bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli were investigated using an exploratory case-double control study in which 43 cases ...(70% producing CTX-M enzymes) were compared with: (i) 86 patients with bacteraemia caused by non-ESBL-producing E. coli; and (ii) 86 hospitalised patients. Previous follow-up as an outpatient, urinary catheterisation and use of oxyimino-β-lactams or fluoroquinolones were independent risk-factors for ESBL-producing E. coli among patients with E. coli bacteraemia, and previous use of oxyimino-β-lactams or fluoroquinolones were also independent risk-factors among hospitalised patients. These findings may help in identifying patients at greater risk for bloodstream infection caused by ESBL-producing E. coli in endemic areas.
My previous research using NIRS clarified that there are individual differences in the ability to create ideated tactile sensation and some people do not naturally experience any tactile stimulation. ...In this research phase, some photo colorization practices which focused on tactile sensation were administered to the same participants as in the previous research, and the result clarified that now all participants could ideate tactile sensations during visual observation of photographs. This result suggests that art education is capable to develop long-term potentiation of synapses for visually triggered ideated tactile sensations. Also, related survey research found that 3 to 4 % of respondents had aphantasia, and 40% of university students surveyed had some difficulty recalling visual images. The results of this research suggest that we need support tools based on cognitive diversity inclusion for expression and appreciation processes.
The first book on this hot topic includes such major research areas as printed electronics, sensors, biomaterials and 3D cell printing. Well-structured and with a strong focus on applications, the ...text is divided in three sections with the first describing the fundamentals of laser transfer. The second provides an overview of the wide variety of materials that can be used for laser transfer processing, while the final section comprehensively discusses a number of practical uses, including printing of electronic materials, printing of 3D structures as well as large-area, high-throughput applications. The book is rounded off by a look at the future for laser printed materials. Invaluable reading for a broad audience ranging from material developers to mechanical engineers, from academic researchers to industrial developers and for those interested in the development of micro-scale additive manufacturing techniques.
This book describes the fundamentals of three-dimensional (3D) printing, addresses the practical aspects of establishing a 3D printing service in a medical facility, and explains the enormous ...potential value of rendering images as 3D printed models capable of providing tactile feedback and tangible information on both anatomic and pathologic states. Individual chapters also focus on selected areas of applications for 3D printing, including musculoskeletal, craniomaxillofacial, cardiovascular, and neurosurgery applications. Challenges and opportunities related to training, materials and equipment, and guidelines are addressed, and the overall costs of a 3D printing lab and the balancing of these costs against clinical benefits are discussed. Radiologists, surgeons, and other physicians will find this book to be a rich source of information on the practicalities and expanding medical applications of 3D printing.
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