Aim: The consumption of added sugars containing fructose has increased dramatically. Various studies have revealed that added sugar consumption may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, ...metabolic and neurocognitive disorders by triggering subclinical inflammation. The imbalance in the kynurenine pathway metabolites may be associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of HFCS-55, invert sugar and sucrose intervention on the kynurenine pathway metabolite levels (tryptophan, kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid) in Wistar rats.
Material and Methods: Twenty-four Wistar male rats (8-12 weeks old, weighting 300-350 g) were included in the study. After one week of conditioning, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: chow diet and tap water (control, n = 6), chow diet and tap water including 10% HFCS-55 (55% sucrose, 45% glucose), chow diet and tap water including 10% sucrose, chow diet and tap water including 10% invert sugar (33% sucrose, 66% glucose and fructose). At the end of the 3-month experimental period, serum kynurenines levels were measured by tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: Serum kynurenine levels and kynurenine / tryptophan ratio were significantly higher (p<0.05) and serum kynurenic acid levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) in rats fed with HFCS, sucrose and invert sugar compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that consumption of added sugar may lead to an imbalance in the kynurenine pathway metabolites. The altered kynurenine metabolism may trigger inflammation and oxidative damage, and may predispose to chronic diseases.
Aim: The consumption of added sugars containing fructose has increased dramatically. Various studies have revealed that added sugar consumption may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, metabolic and neurocognitive disorders by triggering subclinical inflammation. The imbalance in the kynurenine pathway metabolites may be associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of HFCS-55, invert sugar and sucrose intervention on the kynurenine pathway metabolite levels (tryptophan, kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid) in Wistar rats.
Material and Methods: Twenty-four Wistar male rats (8-12 weeks old, weighting 300-350 g) were included in the study. After one week of conditioning, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: chow diet and tap water (control, n = 6), chow diet and tap water including 10% HFCS-55 (55% sucrose, 45% glucose), chow diet and tap water including 10% sucrose, chow diet and tap water including 10% invert sugar (33% sucrose, 66% glucose and fructose). At the end of the 3-month experimental period, serum kynurenines levels were measured by tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: Serum kynurenine levels and kynurenine / tryptophan ratio were significantly higher (p<0.05) and serum kynurenic acid levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) in rats fed with HFCS, sucrose and invert sugar compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that consumption of added sugar may lead to an imbalance in the kynurenine pathway metabolites. The altered kynurenine metabolism may trigger inflammation and oxidative damage, and may predispose to chronic diseases.
Latar belakang. Kejadian depresi pada anak dan remaja terus meningkat. Depresi merupakan kelainan multifaktor, salah satu penyebab adalah rendahnya asupan asam amino triptofan dalam makanan ...sehari-hari yang penting untuk sintesis serotonin pada regulasi emosi. Indeks massa tubuh (IMT) menggambarkan pola makan sehari-hari.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar total plasma triptofan dan IMT dengan gejala depresi dan skor children depression inventory (CDI) pada siswa SMP.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional pada 27 anak gejala depresi dan 27 kontrol.Hasil. Kadar triptofan total plasma pada kelompok depresi (52,54±20,57)μmol/L ditemukan lebih rendah dibanding kontrol (88,47±20,27) μmol/L, p=0,001. Nilai IMT pada kelompok depresi (17,22±3,74) kg/m2 ditemukan lebih rendah dibanding kontrol (19,61±3,14) kg/m2, p=0,014. Terdapat faktor risiko IMT abnormal terhadap depresi OR 6,4; IK95%:1,8-22. Terdapat korelasi antara kadar triptofan total plasma dengan skor CDI (r=-0,442, p=0,021).Kesimpulan. Pada kelompok depresi ditemukan kadar total triptofan plasma dan IMT yang lebih rendah dibanding kontrol. Terdapat korelasi sedang antara kadar triptofan total plasma dengan skor CDI.
This study was conducted to determine protein and tryptophane contents of own local peas genetic resources and identify whether there is any convenient lines to develop high nutritiousness quality ...variety. Fortyfour lines used in experimental study, picked before, described morphologically and selected during 6 years as making selection. These lines were sowed on two different sowing times with 4 control varieties under Samsun conditions and dried grain analyzed for their raw protein ratio and tryptophane content. Statistically significant differences were found among sowing times and tested genotypes for the raw protein ratio and tryptophane content. It was determined that both properties were higher in early spring sowing. In winter sowing, raw protein ratio ranged from 17.73 (Bz16) to 28.36% (Bz42), tryptophane content from 1936.42 (Bz1) to 3119.74 mg kg-1 (Green P.). In spring sowing, raw protein ratio ranged from 19.29 (Bz2)
to 27.17% (Bz 42); tryptophane content from 2231.05 (Bz31) to 2746.44 mg kg-1 (Bz16). Open green grain colored, wrinkle grainy Bz42 line gave the highest value. This line was identified as the most significant candidate line for dry grain purposefully for variety development study.
Akdeniz Diyeti, Melatonin ve Sağlık Eker, Merve Eda; Karakaya, Sibel
Turkish journal of agriculture : food science and technology,
09/2018, Letnik:
6, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Akdeniz diyeti, Akdeniz çevresinde farklı ülkelerde yaşayan insanların yıllar boyu sürdürdüğü benzer yeme alışkanlıklarının bütünü olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Genellikle zengin fitokimyasal içeriği, ...yüksek miktarda diyet lifi içermesi ve fermente gıdaların ön planda oluşunun sağlık üstünde olumlu etkileri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Akdeniz diyetinde yer alan gıdalar, tüm bu özelliklerinin yanı sıra, melatonin bulundurması ile de öne çıkmaktadır. Melatonin zorunlu bir aminoasit olan triptofandan sentezlenen, bilinen en güçlü antioksidandır. Antioksidan, anti-inflamatuvar, antikanser özellik göstermesinin yanı sıra kardiyovasküler hastalıklar üzerinde iyileştirici etkisi ve vücuttaki sirkadyen ritimden sorumlu olması sağlık üzerinde geniş çapta ve oldukça fazla olumlu etkisi bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Melatonin içeren gıdaların tüketilmesi ile serum melatonin konsantrasyonları artmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, Akdeniz diyetinde bulunan gıdaların tüketimiyle, içeriklerindeki polifenollerin, diğer biyoaktif bileşenlerin melatoninle birlikte sinerjistik etki yaratması ve diyetten sağlanacak yararın maksimum düzeye çıkması beklenmektedir. Bu derlemede Akdeniz diyetinde yer alan gıdalar, bu gıdaların melatonin içerikleri ve tüketimleri sonucu beklenen sağlık faydaları üzerine odaklanılmıştır.
Nowadays, depending on the progress of science and technology, our eating habits have changed. The shape and quality of nutrition is important for human health. Especially, some food components have ...various effect on central nervous system such as depression, anxiety, sleep, appetite. Food constituents are transported into the central nervous system via the neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine and valine. Amino acids have an important role in human nutrition. It cannot be synthesized in the body and one of the essential amino acids that must be taken outside, trytophan, is indispensable in human nutrition because of it has the many functions. In recent years, scientific community concentrated on the various functions of L-Trytophan (L-Trp) as pioneer in the secretion of the hormones serotonin and melatoninin in the human body. The hormones serotonin and melatonin is responsible for activities such as psychology, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure balance, antioxidant effect, cancer inhibitor, sexuality, autism and circadian rhythms in human body that they are available in various foods such as milk, kefir, yogurt, orange, strawberry, grape, olive oil, walnut, prune, nut, pomegranate, coffee, kiwi and banana. In this study, L-Trp, serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis and metabolism, food profiles and in terms of their physiological and biological effects on human health has been compiled.
A total of 21 bacterial isolates (Azotobacter sp., 10 and fluorescent Pseudomonas sp., 11) were isolated from different rhizpspheric soils in the vicinity of Aligarh city and characterized as per ...standard methods. These isolates were further tested for the production of indole acetic acid (IAA) in a medium with 0, 1, 2 and 5 mg/ml of tryptophan. A low amount (2.68-10.80 mg/ml) of IAA production was recorded by Azotobacter strains without tryptophan addition. Seven Azotobacter isolates showed high level (7.3 to 32.8 mg/ml) production of IAA at 5 mg/ml of tryptophan while at 1 and 2 mg/ml the production was in the range of 1.47 to 11.88 and 5.99 to 24.8 mg/ml, respectively. Production of IAA in fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates increased with an increase in tryptophan concentration from 1 to 5 mg/ml in the majority of isolates. In the presence of 5mg/ ml of tryptophan, 5 isolates of Pseudomonas produced high levels (41.0 to 53.2 mg/ml) of IAA while 6 other isolates produced IAA in the range of 23.4 to 36.2 mg/ml. Production of IAA was further confirmed by extraction of crude IAA from 3 isolates of Azotobacter $(Azs_1, Azs_6 and Azs_9)$ and three isolates of Pseudomonas $(Ps_1, Ps_4 and Ps_7)$ and subsequent TLC analysis. A specific spot from the extracted IAA preparation was found corresponding with the standard spot of IAA with same Rf value. Pseudomonas isolates (Ps_1, Ps_4 and Ps_7) showed inhibitory effects on the growth of root elongation of Sesbania aculeata and Vigna radiata at all concentrations of tryptophan compared to the control. However, the isolates of Azotobacter $(Azs_1, Azs_6 and Azs_9)$ demonstrated stimulatory effects on both plants. Increasing the concentration of tryptophan from 1 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml resulted in decreased growth in both S. aculeata and V. radiata. On a comparative basis isolate Azsg was most promising in promoting plant growth. On the other hand, high concentration of exogenous tryptophan could exhibit toxic effects on plant growth.
Razvijena je nova metoda određivanja udjela triptofana u hidrolizatima proteina. Kao reagens upotrijebljen je difenilamin-sulfonat, koji reakcijom s natrijevim nitritom u mediju sa sulfatnom ...kiselinom oksidira u difenilbenzidin-sulfonsku kiselinu. Nestabilan proizvod oksidacije brzo reagira s natrijevim nitritom te nastaje diazotizirani intermedijer. Spajanjem diazotiziranog intermedijera s triptofanom nastaje produkt ružičaste boje koji je barem 1 sat stabilan na sobnoj temperaturi. Taj obojeni produkt ima apsorpcijski maksimum pri 522 nm i molarni apsorpcijski koeficijent od 8900 L/(mol·cm), te se ponaša u skladu s Beerovim zakonom u rasponu od 0,30 do 12 µg/mL. Ova se metoda primjenjuje za analizu udjela triptofana u hidrolizatima proteina amura, te je uspoređena s visokotlačnom tekućinskom kromatografijom obrnutih faza (RP-HPLC). Nije primijećena značajna razlika (p<0,05) između rezultata tih dviju metoda. Spektrofotometrijska metoda određivanja triptofana je jednostavnija, brža i preciznija od ranije korištenih metoda.
Advances in positron emission tomography (PET) techniques have allowed the measurement and imaging of serotonin synthesis, transport and receptor binding in the living human brain. Both the imaging ...and pathological studies in patients with epilepsy, as well as studies derived from experimental models of epilepsy provide evidence that endogenous serotonin plays a significant role in epileptogenesis. This review summarizes the advances in alpha- Methyl tryptophan PET imaging in patients with different types of epilepsy.
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