Subalpine beech stands with Hairy Alpenrose (Rhododendron hirsutum) were phytosociologically studied on Mt. Snežnik (Dinaric Mts). They thrived on stony and steep slopes of northern exposure. ...Comparisons with other subalpine Beech stands (Polysticho lonchitis-Fagetum s. lat.), Dinaric Fir-Beech stands with Hairy Alpen-rose (Omphalodo-Fagetum s. lat. rhododendretosum hirsuti), and prealpine fir-beech stands with Hairy Alpenrose (Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum s. lat. rhododendretosum hirsuti), stands of Hairy Alpenrose and Beech (Rhododendro hirsuti-Fagetum s. lat.), as well as Austrian subalpine beech stands (Saxifrago rotundifoliae-Fagetum s. lat.) showed their unique floristical composition due to ecological conditions, and thus distinct syntaxonomical position within the association Polysticho-Fagetum. Therefore, a new subassociation Polysticho-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti subass. nova was described, and - as differential species for the subassociation - Rhododendron hirsutum, Rubus saxatilis, Rosa pendulina, and Clematis alpina were chosen.
Prispevek podaja fitocenološko oznako subalpinskega bukovega gozda (Polysticho lonchitis-Fagetum) z dlakavim slečem (Rhododendron hirsutum) na Snežniku. Obravnavani sestoji uspevajo na kamnitih in/ali skalnatih ter strmih pobočjih severnih ekspozicij. Primerjave z ostalimi subalpinskimi bukovimi ter (jelovo-) bukovimi se-stoji z dlakavim slečem (Omphalodo-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti, Homogyno sylvestris rhododendretosum hirsuti, Rhododendro-Fagetum) ter subalpinskimi bukovji iz Avstrije (Saxifrago rotundifolii-Fagetum) so pokazale njihov poseben sintaksonomski položaj v okviru asociacije Polysticho-Fagetum. Zato smo te sestoje uvrstili v novo suba-sociacijo Polysticho-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti subass. nova, za razlikovalnice pa izbrali vrste Rhododendron hirsutum, Rubus saxatilis, Rosa pendulina in Clematis alpina
The paper presents results of a syntaxonomic analysis of the herbaceous phytocoenoses on the salt steppes, meadows and marshes in Southeastern Bulgaria, and along the Southern Black Sea Coast. The ...halophytic vegetation is distributed mostly in the Tundzha Lowland and the large salt lakes along the Black Sea Coast, where the saline soils occupy large territories. Most syntaxa identified in the paper are well-known and wide-spread in Central and Eastern Europe (Salicornietum prostratae, Suaedetum maritimae, Juncetum maritimae etc.), but there are also some specific vegetation types, which are presented by endemic associations as Petrosimonio brachiatae-Puccinellietum convolutae, Bupleuro tenuissimae-Camphorosmetum monspeliacae. The most widespread one is Diantho pallidiflori-Puccinellietum convolutae. It demonstrates a big variation in the appearance and the dominant structure of the described phytocoenoses. The comparision of the Bulgarian halophytic vegetation with other places in Europe shows its similarities with these vegetation types distributed in the Eastern Mediterranean and Central and Eastern Europe.
V članku so predstavljeni rezultati sintaksonomske analize zeliščnih fitocenoz slanih step, travišč in močvirij v jugovzhodni Bolgariji in ob južni črnomorski obali. Halofitska vegetacija je najbolj pogosta v nižini Tundzha in v velikih slanih jezerih ob obali Črnega morja, kjer slana tla zavzemajo velika območja. Večina obravnavanih sintaksonov je dobro znanih in splošno razširjenih v srednji in vzhodni Evropi (Salicornietum prostratae, Suaedetum maritimae, Juncetum maritimae itd.), nekaj pa je posebnih vegetacijskih tipov, ki jih predstavljajo endemične asociacije Petrosimonio brachiatae-Puccinellietum convolutae, Bupleuro tenuissimae-Camphorosmetum monspeliacae. Najbolj razširjena je združba, ki jo uvrščamo v asociacijo Diantho pallidiflori-PuccineHietum convolutae, za katero je značilna velika variabilnost v videzu in dominantni strukturi. Primerjava halofitske vegetacije iz Bolgarije je pokazala podobnosti z vegetacijskimi tipi, razširjenimi v vzhodnem Sredozemlju ter srednji in vzhodni Evropi.
The distribution and communities of two annual grasses Crypsis aculeata and Heleochloa schoenoides were studied in Slovakia during 2003-2007. Herbarium and field data were used to reconstruct the ...occurrence of both taxa. A strong decline in C. aculeata localities was observed. This was mainly due to the destruction of periodically flooded saline habitats. By contrast, the occurrence of H. schenoides was changed only slightly. This species survives in secondary habitats (rural roads, field margins, field depressions). Point maps of historical and recent distribution are presented. Halophile vegetation of Crypsis aculeata and Heleochloa schoenoides has been sampled with the adapted Braun-Blanquet method. All collected relevés have been classified using the JUICE software. The results showed that the Crypsidetum aculeate Wenzl 1934 community is missing now in Slovakia, but Heleochloetum schoenoidis (Soó 1933) Topa 1939 was still recorded at a few sites. However, the community contained many ruderal plant species.
Raziskave razširjenosti dveh enoletnih trav Crypsis aculeata in Heleochloa schoenoides smo raziskovali na Slovaškem med letoma 2003 in 2007. Za rekonstrukcijo pojavljanja obeh vrst smo uporabili herbarrijske in terenske podatke. Opazili smo močno upadanje števila nahajališč, kjer se pojavlja C. aculeata. Razlog je predvsem uničenje periodično poplavljenih slanih rastišč. Nasprotno pa se je pojavljanje vrste H. schenoides le malo spremenilo. Vrsta lahko uspeva tudi na sekundarnih rastiščih (kolovozi, robovi njiv, uleknine na njivah). Historično in recentno razširjenost smo prikazali na točkovnih kartah. Halofilno vegetacijo vrst Crypsis aculeata in Heleochloa schoenoides smo vzorčili s prilagojeno Braun-Blanquetovo metodo. Vse popisno gradivo smo klasificirali s programom JUICE. Rezultati so pokazali, da asociacije Crypsidetum aculeate Wenzl 1934 na Slovaškem ne najdemo več, medtem ko je bila asociacija Heleochloetum schoenoidis (Soó 1933) Topa 1939 najdena na nekaj rastiščih, vendar se v njej pojavljajo številne ruderalne rastlinske vrste.
In the territory of Kosovo there are many serpentine mountain massifs. The largest complexes are found in the valley of the Ibër River, and the same are continued in a discontinuous chain through ...Koznica and Golesh to the southwest of the territory of Kosovo. Vegetation on the serpentine bedrock is rich in rare species and communities, which cannot be found in the Balkans and Europe. The communities appearing on the serpentine bedrock are characteristic and important for science. They are endemic due to the presence of endemic species in their species composition. Drenica Mountain (1051 m) is part of the Central Kosovo Mountains. These terrains are situated in the central part of Kosovo, between Çiçavica, Kosovo plain (Golesh), Llapusha, the Carraleva Mountains and the Anadrini region. A considerable part of these areas consists of serpentine bedrock, which is covered by interesting flora and vegetation. In the vegetation of Drenica Mountain 10 communities have been identified. Two of them are found on serpentine bedrock: ass. Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabriflorae and ass. Potentillo-Fumanetum bonapartei. These communities belong to the open space, and are also located in other parts of Kosovo, but only on serpentine bedrock. On Drenica Mountain there are two localities where these two communities appear. In this paper we focus in particular on ass. Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabriflorae
Na Kosovu so številni gorski masivi iz serpentinita. Največje površine so v dolini reke Ibër. Nadaljujejo se v prekinjeni verigi skozi Koznico in Golesh proti jugozahodnem delu Kosova. Vegetacija na serpentinitu je bogata z redkimi vrstami in združbami, ki ne uspevajo nikjer drugje na Balkanu in v Evropi. Te združbe na serpentinitu so pomembne, ker vsebujejo endemične vrste. Drenica (1051 m) je del osrednjega gorovja na Kosovu. To območje se nahaja v osrednjem delu Kosova, med kraji Çiçavica, Golesh, Llapusha, gorovjem Carraleva in območjem Anadrini. Precejšen del območja je na serpentinitu. V vegetaciji gore Drenica je najdenih deset združb. Dve sta na serpentinitu: asociacija Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabriflorae in asociacija Potentillo-Fumanetum bonapartei. Najdemo ju na odprtih rastiščih. Na Drenici sta dve najdiščiteh dveh združb. V članku je predstavljena predvsem asociacija Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabriflorae
The work deals with the association Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia. The communitis were classified into a geographical race typica and divided into six ...subassociations: typicum subass. nova, mercurialetosum perennis subass. nova, festucetosum altissimae subass. nova, calamagrostietosum variae subass. nova, luzuletosum sylvaticae subass. nova and vaccinietosum myrtilli subass. nova. The results are shown in the analytical table, as well as in two diagrams.
V članku je predstavljena asociacija Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum v predalpskem fitogeografskem območju. Združba je uvrščena v geografsko varianto typica in členjena v šest subasociacij: typicum subass. nova, mercuria-letosum perennis subass. nova, festucetosum altissimae subass. nova, calamagrostietosum variae subass. nova, luzuletosum sylvaticae subass. nova in vaccinietosum myrtilli subass. nova. Rezultati so predstavljeni z analitsko tabelo in dvema diagramoma.
Based on research of ruderal vegetation in the Horná Orava region in the 1980s and in 2005-2007, a list of neophytes was compiled. Thirty-three species of neophytes have been found, representing 6% ...of the overall flora. The geographical origin, family, life-history, life-form and status of invasion of these species were assessed. The biggest proportion of the species was of North American origin (49%), therophytes (49%) and members of the family Asteraceae (38%). Most of the neophytes are garden "escapees" and only few of them may be considered to be of potential hazard to the studied region, most particularly Fallopia japonica, Impatiens glandulifera and Solidago canadensis. Types of plant communities, where particular neophytes were found, and the foci of their distribution were evaluated as well. Neophytes are most abundant in communities of the class Galio-Urticetea, and especially of the alliance Senecionion fluviatilis. Comparing older and present data, trends in the progression of non-indigenous species in the Horná Orava region were predicted. It is apparent that the number of localities of invasive species is increasing and even other species that in the literature from the other regions are mentioned as invasive tend to spread through the area.
Na podlagi raziskav ruderalne vegetacije območja Horná Orava v osemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja in med letoma 2005 in 2007 smo sestavili seznam neofitskih vrst. Ugotovili smo triintrideset neofitov, ki pomenijo šest odstotkov celotne flore območja. Prikazali smo zemljepisni izvor, taksonomsko pripadnost, življenjsko dobo in obliko rastlin in status invazivnosti. Največji delež vrst je severnoameriškega izvora (49 odstotkov), so terofiti (49 odstotkov) in jih uvrščamo v družino Asteraceae (38 odstotkov). Večina neofitov je "ubežnikov" z vrtov in le nekaj jih je potencialno nevarnih za obravano območje, to so predvsem vrste Fallopia japonica, Impatiens glandulifera in Solidago canadensis. Ovrednotili smo tudi rastlinske združbe, v katerih se neofiti pojavljajo, in žarišča njihovega razširjanja. Neofiti so najbolj pogosti v združbah razreda Galio-Urticetea in še posebej zveze Senecionion fluviatilis. S primerjavo starejših in sedanjih podatkov smo napovedali trende v razširjanju tujerodnih rastlinskih vrst na območju Horná Orava. Število rastišč z invazivnimi vrstami se je očitno povečalo, prav tako smo opazili razširjanje vrst, omenjenih v literaturi kot invazivne z drugih območj.
The following paper reports the results of phytosociological research of tall-herb and tall-herb plant communities within the class Mulgedio-Aconitetea in the subalpine belt of the Krivánska Malá ...Fatra Mts. The data set of 209 relevés was sampled and analysed using numerical classification and ordination. Major ecological gradients were interpreted using Ellenberg's indicator values and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Ten associations within five alliances were distinguished and characterised: Aconitetum firmi, Digitali ambiguae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Helianthemo grandiflorae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Potentillo aurei-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Allio victorialis-Calamagrostietum villosae, Festucetum carpaticae, Adenostylo alliariae-Athyrietum alpestris, Aconito firmi-Adenostyletum alliariae, Geranio robertiani-Delphinietum elati and Aconito firmi-Rumicetum alpini. Relationships between the floristic composition of the communities and environmental variables were analysed by canonical correspondence analysis.
V članku so prikazani rezultati fitocenološke raziskave rastlinskih združb visokih steblik in trav razreda Mulgedio-Aconitetea v subalpinskem pasu gorovja Krivánska Malá Fatra. Podatkovni niz sestavlja 209 popisov, ki smo jih analizirali z numerično klasifikacijo in ordinacijo. Glavne ekološke gradiente smo interpretirali z Ellenbergovimi indikacijskimi vrednostmi in Shannon-Wienerjevim indeksom diverzitete. Ločili smo deset asociacij znotraj petih zvez in jih opisali: Aconitetum firmi, Digitali ambiguae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Helianthemo grandiflorae-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Potentillo aurei-Calamagrostietum arundinaceae, Allio victorialis-Calamagrostietum villosae, Festucetum carpaticae, Adenostylo alliariae-Athyrietum alpestris, Aconito firmi-Adenostyletum alliariae, Geranio robertiani-Delphinietum elati in Aconito firmi-Rumicetum alpini. Povezavo med vrstno sestavo rastlinskih združb in rastiščnimi dejavniki smo analizirali s kanonično korespondenčno analizo.
Dušikovi oksidi imaju glavnu ulogu u kemiji atmosfere kao primarne onečišćujuće tvari, sudjelovanjem u stvaranju sekundarnih onečišćujućih tvari ili kao staklenički plinovi. Istraživanje je provedeno ...u zapadno panonskoj podregiji Hrvatske, s ciljem utvrđivanja prikladnosti vlastite metode pasivnih sakupljača i statičkih komora u svrhu mjerenja koncentracije N-NO2. Cilj je također bio utvrditi utjecaj mineralne gnojidbe na N-NO2 fluks tijekom vegetacije tritikale. Istraživanje je pokazalo prikladnost primijenjene metode za mjerenje N-NO2 fluksa. Prosječni dnevni fluks N-NO2 kretao se u rasponu od 2,78 do 5,09 mg ha–1 dan–1, ovisno o fenofazi i tretmanu. Statistički značajne razlike u emisiji N-NO2 između dvaju istraživanih tretmana (300 kg N ha–1 i 0 kg N ha–1) nisu zabilježene, kao niti između dviju istraživanih fenofaza.
V knjigi, ki prinaša celovito predstavitev naših visokogorskih jezer, oceno njihovega ekološkega stanja in razlago dogajanj v njih skozi zgodovino, so zbrani rezultati več kot desetletnih raziskav 18 ...avtorjev. V delu je podan geografski opis in nastanek visokogorskih jezer, hidrološke povezave med njimi ter fizikalne in kemijske lastnosti jezerske vode. Opisano je življenje v njih in spremembe, ki so jih jezera doživela v zadnjih stoletjih, opozorjeno pa je tudi na problem onesnaževanja visokogorja.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- This dissertation presents forest soils of Javor Mountain in the Republic of
Srpska, based on field and laboratory research of basic ...physical and hemical
characteristics. Javor mountain is located in east part of the Republic of
Srpske, between municipalities Vlasenica, Han Pijesak and Kladanj (Federation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Geographical direction of massif is northwest -
southeast, and the highest peak is 1537 meters above sea namely Veliki Žep.
Geologicaly is heterogeneous, the central part is covered by limestones,
southern and southwestern slopes covers sandstones, cherts and claystones,
north and northeast slopes are covered with limestones and cherts. Localy we
found marl, lake sediments and peridotite. The area has mountain climate with
continental influences. Average value of annual temperature at the lowest
level of mountain is 6.2°C, and the highest point has 3.8°C. In vegetation
period average precipitation is 583 mm or 57.7%. According to the size of the
annual climate index, very humid climate dominated and with higher altutide
becomes perhumid. The biggest surface of Javor Mountain is covered by beech
fir and spruce forests (Piceo - Abieti - Fagetum, Stef., et al. 1983). The
following types of soil are separated: ranker, black soil, eutric brown soil,
dystric brown soil, brown soil, podzol, brown podzolized soil and illimerized
soil. The most prevalent soil type on limestones are black soil and brown
soil. Black soils are well developed, with variable depth, well structured,
humic, with a high adsorptive complex. On the ridges, steep slopes black
soils are highly endangered by erosion. Brown soil on limestone is moderately
deep, mostly with moderate humus level, and productivity is determined by
their depth and degree of rockiness and stouniness. Acid brown soil is the
dominant soil type on silicates of Javor Mountain. These are mainly
moderately to very deep soils. Humus is moder type. Loam texture with a
stable spheroidal structure provides advantageous water - air regime. Eutric
brown soil is developed on small parts of mountain. Texture depends of
character of substrate. Podzols are connected with specific acidophilic
conditions in small parts of Partizan field. Brown podzolic soils are
developed in condition of lower substrate acidity and they are not as poor as
podzols are. Illimerized soil is developed on limestone and silicate parent
rock. It is very deep, textural diferentiated with high percent of humus.
Despite textural diferentiation, due to the depth of ilimerized soil in terms
of mountain climate, this is very productive soil covered by high qualitive
forests of beech, fir and spruce; fir and spruce and beech forests.- U disertaciji su prikazana šumska zemljišta Javor planine u Republici
Srpskoj, a na bazi terenskih i laboratorijskih istraživanja osnovnih fizičkih
i hemijskih osobina. Planina Javor se nalazi u istočnom dijelu Republike
Srpske između opština Vlasenica, Han Pijesak i Kladanj (Federacija BiH).
Pravac pružanja masiva Javor jeste sjeverozapad – jugoistok, a najveći vrh je
Veliki Žep 1537 mn.v. Geološki je heterogeno, centralnim dijelom dominiraju
krečnjaci, južne i jugozapadne padine pokrivaju pješčari, rožnjaci i glinci,
sjeverne i sjeveroistočne krečnjaci – rožnjaci. Lokalno ima laporaca,
jezerskih sedimenata i peridotita. Područje ima obilježja planinske klime sa
kontinentalnim uticajem. Vrijednost srednje godišnje temperature na donjoj
granici rasprostranjenja iznosi 6,2°C, a na gornjoj granici visinskog pojasa
3,8°C. U vegetacionom periodu padne prosječno 583 mm odnosno 57,7%. Prema
veličini godišnjeg klimatskog indeksa dominira jako humidna klima, sa
povećanjem visine postaje perhumidna. Najveći dio masiva Javor pokrivaju šume
bukve i jele sa smrčom (Piceo – Abieti – Fagetum, Stef., et al. 1983).
Izdvojeni su sledeći tipovi zemljišta: crnica, ranker, eutrično smeđe
zemljište, kiselo smeđe zemljište, smeđe zemljište na krečnjaku, podzol,
brunipodzol i ilimerizovano zemljište. Najrasprostranjeniji tipovi zemljišta
na krečnjacima crnica i smeđe zemljište. Crnice su dobro razvijene,
varijabilne dubine, struktuirane i humozne. Na grebenima, strmim padinama
veoma su ugrožene od erozije. Smeđe krečnjačko zemljište je srednje duboko,
najčešće dobro obezbijeđeno humusom, a produktivnost mu je određena dubinom,
stepenom stjenovitosti i kamenitosti. Kiselo smeđe zemljište je dominantan
tip zemljišta na silikatima Javora. Ovo je uglavnom srednje duboko do duboko
zemljište. Humus je tipa moder. Ilovasta tekstura uz stabilnu sferoidnu
strukturu obezbijeđuju povoljan vodno – vazdušni režim. Eutrični kambisol je
lokalno rasprostranjen, srednje dubok, humozan. Tekstura mu varira u
zavisnosti od supstrata. Podzoli se javljaju lokalno u Partizan polju. Ovo je
duboko, pjeskovito i veoma siromašno zemljište. Brunipodzoli se razvijaju u
uslovima manje kiselosti supstrata i manje su siromašni od podzola.
Ilimerizovano zemljište je razvijeno na krečnjačkoj i silikatnoj podlozi.
Luvisol je veoma dubok, teksturno diferenciran, obezbijenen humusom. I pored
izražene teksturne diferencijacije, zahvaljujući dubini luvisola u uslovima
planinske klime, ovo su veoma produktivna zemljišta na kojima su
rasprostranjenje visoke šume bukve, jele i smrče, jele i smrče, te šume bukve
dobrog kvaliteta.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
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