The construction sector has a significant impact on the environment, contributing significantly to energy consumption, resource depletion, and CO2 emissions. This sector is currently shifting away ...from natural materials and cement in favor of alternative materials, thereby reducing environmental impact and promoting sustainability. Worldwide, enormous quantities of waste materials are generated. Most of these waste materials are hazardous, corrosive, flammable, chemically reactive, incendiary, and infectious and are typically disposed of in landfills, causing environmental pollution and posing health risks. As a result, incorporating waste materials into concrete would be a more prudent course of action. This study collected vast bibliometric data comprising journal articles and review articles from the Scopus database over the last two decades and conducted a scientometric review on waste material utilization in concrete. Scientometric analysis is used to determine the current state of research by analyzing available bibliometric data and identifying related publication areas, sources with the most publications, the most frequently occurring keywords, authors, and papers with the most citations, and states that have made the greatest contribution to the field of waste materials utilization in concrete. Moreover, the most active research areas are identified and discussed. Also, the sustainability aspects of recycling waste materials in concrete are discussed, and finally, future research is proposed. The scientometric review will enable scholars from diverse countries to exchange novel ideas and knowledge, foster research collaboration, and establish joint ventures.
The powder method is a quick and easy approach to the development of latent fingerprints on porous and nonporous surface. There are many Waste materials of plant-based (orange peels, lemon peels) ...that are used as a powder was applied to the latent fingerprints of different surfaces using a camel hairbrush. This research study focuses on these two types of powders that are used for the enhancement of ridge characteristics to personal identification. Prints are clearly shown on the porous and non-porous surfaces or photography was done with suitable contrast. This powder is cost-effective and nontoxic in nature. An eco-friendly approach to develop fingerprints by using natural colour produces by various plant-based waste materials and a very reliable technique to use in the crime scene.
Due to the extraordinary properties for heavy-duty applications, there has been a great deal of interest in the utilization of waste material via geopolymerization technology. There are various ...advantages offered by this geopolymer-based material, such as excellent stability, exceptional impermeability, self-refluxing ability, resistant thermal energy from explosive detonation, and excellent mechanical performance. An overview of the work with the details of key factors affecting the heavy-duty performance of geopolymer-based material such as type of binder, alkali agent dosage, mixing design, and curing condition are reviewed in this paper. Interestingly, the review exhibited that different types of waste material containing a large number of chemical elements had an impact on mechanical performance in military, civil engineering, and road application. Finally, this work suggests some future research directions for the the remarkable of waste material through geopolymerization to be employed in heavy-duty application.
Global concern about environmental pollution has increased in recent times due to the cumulative harmful impact on the human health occasioned by the diverse toxic substances released into the ...environment. Water reduced availability for human consumption and its pollution have been paid so much attention due to their relevance in agricultural and industrial activities. In this context, the advanced oxidation processes for removing contaminants from water, more specifically photocatalytic processes, have displayed their usefulness due to features such as easy application, low-cost, harmless effects and sustainable decontamination efficiency. This timely review is centered on worldwide studies, where efforts aimed at employing recycled materials as supports for purification applications such as the removal of different contaminants (dyes, pharmaceutical contaminants, and heavy metals) dissolved in aqueous environments have been reported. Materials like polyethylene terephthalic (PET), polystyrene (PS), disposal textile fabrics, newspapers, aluminum soda cans, rubber, waste electronic and electric components and used batteries have been employed either as supports for immobilizing catalysts or as photocatalysts. The present work offers a discussion of the ways through which photocatalytic composites have been immobilized or produced, employed characterization techniques, removal efficiencies achieved during photocatalytic degradation and possible degradation mechanism of pollutants; not only the highlights of all these studies are discussed, but also paths for future research works that could help improve the reported results are suggested. These new practical tools stand as novel sustainable strategies for the removal of emerging contaminants reusing waste flexible materials.
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•Recycled supports were obtained from waste materials such as plastic and textiles.•Photocatalyst immobilization is a viable strategy for removing water pollutants.•Photocatalyst supported is a recoverable device capable to purify noxious waste.•Photocatalyst supported are activated by UV, visible and natural sunlight irradiation.•Diverse emerging pollutants are removed from the water with the flexible device.
There is a remarkable impact of the construction industry on the environment, contributing considerably to CO2 emissions, natural resource dwindling, and energy demand. The construction sector is now ...trending toward using alternative building materials in place of natural resources and cement, therefore decreasing environmental impact and increasing sustainability. The research carried out for sustainable development based on waste material utilization in cement-based composites has been reviewed in this study. Two approaches have been adopted in this review, i.e., a scientometric analysis and a comprehensive manual review. Scientometric analysis was performed to provide the statistical overview of the present research over the last two decades. The scope of the study was narrowed to the utilization of waste materials, including recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste, waste glass, rice husk ash, and natural fibers in cementitious composites for construction sustainability. Moreover, their various aspects were described in detail, including the influence on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of materials, sustainability aspect, limitations, and possible improvement techniques. It was concluded that utilizing these waste materials in cementitious materials may lead towards eco-friendly construction; however, their impact on the performance of the resulting material is inconsistent. Their use in lower proportions is favorable, while a higher proportion has detrimental effects on material properties. This study also identified gaps in the present research, and future studies are suggested.
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•A scientometric analysis is conducted for the statistical overview of the present research.•Utilization of C&D waste, WG, RHA, and NFs in cementitious composites is reviewed.•Mechanical, microstructural, and sustainability aspects are discussed.•The use of waste materials in construction may contribute to sustainable development.•Waste materials have a positive impact on material properties when used in optimal quantity.
Graphitic carbon is a valuable material that can be utilized in many fields, such as electronics, energy storage and wastewater filtration. Due to the high demand for commercial graphite, an ...alternative raw material with lower costs that is environmentally friendly has been explored. Amongst these, an agricultural bio-waste material has become an option due to its highly bioactive properties, such as bioavailability, antioxidant, antimicrobial, in vitro and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, biomass wastes usually have high organic carbon content, which has been discovered by many researchers as an alternative carbon material to produce graphite. However, there are several challenges associated with the graphite production process from biomass waste materials, such as impurities, the processing conditions and production costs. Agricultural bio-waste materials typically contain many volatiles and impurities, which can interfere with the synthesis process and reduce the quality of the graphitic carbon produced. Moreover, the processing conditions required for the synthesis of graphitic carbon from agricultural biomass waste materials are quite challenging to optimize. The temperature, pressure, catalyst used and other parameters must be carefully controlled to ensure that the desired product is obtained. Nevertheless, the use of agricultural biomass waste materials as a raw material for graphitic carbon synthesis can reduce the production costs. Improving the overall cost-effectiveness of this approach depends on many factors, including the availability and cost of the feedstock, the processing costs and the market demand for the final product. Therefore, in this review, the importance of biomass waste utilization is discussed. Various methods of synthesizing graphitic carbon are also reviewed. The discussion ranges from the conversion of biomass waste into carbon-rich feedstocks with different recent advances to the method of synthesis of graphitic carbon. The importance of utilizing agricultural biomass waste and the types of potential biomass waste carbon precursors and their pre-treatment methods are also reviewed. Finally, the gaps found in the previous research are proposed as a future research suggestion. Overall, the synthesis of graphite from agricultural bio-waste materials is a promising area of research, but more work is needed to address the challenges associated with this process and to demonstrate its viability at scale.
In recent decades, microalgae have drawn attention as a most feasible alternative and sustainable feedstock for biofuel production. However, laboratory-scale and pilot-scale studies revealed that ...producing only biofuels through the microalgal route is economically unfeasible. The high cost of synthetic media is one concern, and low-cost alternative cultivation media would replace synthetic media to culture microalgae for economic benefit. This paper critically consolidated the advantages of alternative media over synthetic media for microalgae cultivation. A comparative analysis of the compositions of synthetic and alternative media was made to evaluate the potential use of alternative media in microalgae cultivation. Investigations on microalgae cultivation using alternative media derived from different waste materials, such as domestic, farm, agricultural, industrial, etc., are highlighted. Vermiwash is another alternative media that contains essential micro and macronutrients required for the cultivation of microalgae. Two prime techniques, such as mix-waste culture media and recycling culture media, may provide more economic benefit for the large-scale production of microalgae.
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•Alternative culture media for microalgae cultivation reduces environmental waste.•Transition from synthetic media to alternative media by cost-cutting and eco-friendly way•Biomass production from alternative media is high or equivalent to synthetic media.•Alternative media increase productivity of microalgae.
Annually, the thermal coal industries produce billion tons of fly-ash (FA) as a waste by-product. Which has been proficiently used for the manufacture of FA based geopolymer concrete (FGC). To ...accelerate the usage of FA in building industry, an innovative machine learning techniques namely gene expression programming (GEP) and multi expression programming (MEP) are employed for forecasting the compressive strength of FGC. The comprehensive database is constructed comprising of 311 compressive strength results. The obtained equations relate the compressive strength of FGC with eight most effective parameters i.e., curing regime (T), time for curing (t) in hours, age of samples (A) in days, percentage of total aggregate by volume (% Ag), molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution (M), silica (SiO2) solids percentage in sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution (%S), superplasticizer (%P) and extra water (%EW) as percent FA. The accurateness and predictive capacity of both GEP and MEP model is assessed via statistical checks, external validation criteria suggested by different researcher and then compared with linear regression (LR) and non-linear regression (NLR) models. In comparison with MEP equation, the GEP equation has lesser statistical error and higher correlation coefficient. Also, the GEP equation is short and it would be easy to use in the field. So, the GEP model is further utilized for sensitivity and parametric study. This research will increase the re-usage of hazardous FA in the development of green concrete that would leads to environmental safety and monetarist reliefs.
Sage has various biological activity and long tradition of the using in phytopharmaceutical preparations and, recently, in food industry. In this work, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation ...and essential oil and extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction from sage herbal dust, waste product of filter tea factory, were screened for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli in the medium which simulates the conditions in meat and in real system of minced pork. The supercritical fluid extract had much lower effect to the reduction of a number of E. coli in meat simulation medium. The total inhibition of E. coli growth was achieved after 12 h and 24 h with the addition of 0.6 μl/ml of essential oil obtained by hydrodistilation and supercritical fluid extraction, respectively. The addition of essential oils and supercritical fluid extract of sage herbal dust could be used for the effective control of E. coli growth in minced meat.
•Essential oil (EO) and extract (SE) were obtained from sage herbal dust.•SE was produced by supercritical fluid extraction.•Sage herbal dust EO and SE extract exhibit antimicrobial activity against E. coli.•The total inhibition of E. coli growth after 12 h with 0.6 μl/ml of EO.•Sage herbal dust can be used to control E. coli growth in minced meat.
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