The role of metonymy in naming Kos, Petr
Review of Cognitive Linguistics,
03/2023, Letnik:
21, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
The article deals with the role of metonymy in word-formation, specifically in naming extra-linguistic concepts. Its role is approached from an onomasiological perspective, i.e., the ...starting point in the analysis is the concept to be named. Within this approach, metonymy is seen as a cognitive process (in the dynamic sense) that is inherent in the act of coining any naming unit irrespective of its resulting form, as metonymy provides the perspective from which the concept is mentally accessed, and the morphological form is an outcome of the subsequent matching of the result of conceptualisation with a suitable constructional schema. This understanding of metonymy, however, does not lead to an unrestricted application of the term. The article suggests that if a consistent view of metonymy in coining words is applied, any formal restrictions on its use turn out to be irrelevant.
En este artículo se examinan procesos de lexicalización en angaité (familia enlhet-enenlhet), entendidos como procesos de cambio lingüístico que dan como resultado lexemas nuevos con pérdida de ...composicionalidad y de transparencia. El objetivo primario es descriptivo, aunque se pretende también aportar datos para una comparación con las demás lenguas de la familia enlhet-enenlhet y con otras lenguas del Gran Chaco. Los procesos de lexicalización observados incluyen derivación y composición. Los primeros consisten en nominalizaciones deverbales, sustantivos derivados de otros sustantivos, y verbos derivados de otros verbos. Los segundos incluyen composición por medio de frases posesivas, frases atributivas, sintagmas lexicalizados y univerbación.
This study aimed to find out the word-formations in English slang utilized on Instagram captions posted by Justin Bieber. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method to capture the process of ...word-formation in Justin Bieber’s English slang. In this study, the writers used the theory of Yule about the word-formation process for analyzing the data of English slang. The writers obtained the data through reading, capturing, and understanding the captions posted during a year (June 2020 – June 2021). Based on the data analysis, seven out of ten types of word-formation processes in English slang were used by Justin Bieber in his Instagram caption. They are (1) Clipping, (2) Blending, (3) Acronym, (4) Borrowing, (5) Derivation, (6) Coinage, and (7) Multi Processes. The most frequent type of word formation process used by Justin Bieber on Instagram is clipping with the 47 data’s frequency (54%). This study implies that Justin Bieber frequently used clipping to make short the words on every posted video or photo so his followers can easily understand his feeling.
This research was aimed to find out students' morphological errors in using word formation in writing an essay. Word formation that was found in the students' writing are derivation and inflection. ...The type of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The source of data was the English Department students of Universitas Putra Indonesia Yayasan Perguruan Tinggi Komputer ( UPI YPTK) Padang who were in the fourth semester that consist of 23 students. The data were gotten through writing test. The finding of this research showed that the students made morphological errors in using derivation and inflection in writing the essay. Errors in derivation were 10 data, while errors in inflection were 83 data. Based on those findings, the students still made errors in using word formation in their writing.
This paper investigates English clippings such as prof (< professor), delish (< delicious), or condo (< condominium). Clipping is highly variable, but a growing body of evidence suggests that ...clipping variability follows predictable tendencies (Lappe 2007; Berg 2011; Arndt-Lappe 2018; Hilpert et al. 2021). As yet, however, experimental work on clipping variability is scarce. This paper addresses this gap by focusing on speakers’ choices between consonant-final clippings (e.g. renov < renovation) and vowel-final clippings (reno < renovation). We devise two experiments in order to analyze the factors that impact speaker behavior. The first is a forced choice task in which participants see a source word (e.g. emollescence) and two possible clippings that differ in their final segment (emo vs. emol). We find that speakers’ choices are sensitive to word length, stress position, status of a compound or a lexicalized multi-word unit, and the vowel type in the final syllable. The second study is a production task in which participants see a source word and propose a clipping. The responses show a preference for final consonants in monosyllabic clippings and clippings that derive from compounds or lexicalized multi-word units. We contextualize our results against the background of empirical work on clipping that has been carried out on the basis of large databases (Lappe 2007; Berg 2011; Hilpert et al. 2021).
About the ways in which the Spanish lexicon is enriched. Caracterización lingüística de los procedimientos de creación léxica by Érica Vega Moreno
The article discusses the book Caracterización ...lingüística de los procedimientos de creación léxica by Érica Vega Moreno. The aim of the work is to delineate the most important concepts of neology and to show proceedings of how the Spanish language can enrich its lexicon. In this paper special attention has been given to qualities of the book but it also shows passages which may be subject to further discussion.
There are examples of grammaticalisation in various forms in Turkic languages. Reduplication attracts attention both as a grammatical sign and as one of the ways of word formation. Repetition is one ...of the grammatical categories functionally used in Turkic languages. This article examines examples from old and modern Turkic languages. It explains with examples that the method of reduplication is used in Turkish as a method of word formation, as in some other world languages. In addition, some language units formed by repetition are tried to explain by the theory of grammar and are dealt with from examples in which reduplication creates the inflectional features in semantic and morphological categories. The method of reduplication in languages where it is used as a grammatical sign, grammatical categories such as augmentative, limitation, frequency, transition, etc., can be mentioned by forms with different phonological values, such as full or partial reduplication. The reduplication formed by the repetition of a word in the first stage represents the intermediate stage before the completion of word formation in the second stage. It is a semantic description of the newly formed word. There are many lexical units in the orthographic dictionary of the Azerbaijani language, which are words formed by the method of reduplication. The reproduction process is less productive than morphological, syntactic, lexical and other word-formation methods. Still, as a result, there is such a method in the grammatical structure of Turkic languages.
PDF
