A laboratory simulation experiment was conducted to study the release of sediment phosphorous and nitrogen under the effects of coating the sediment with plastic, clinoptilolite, calcite, quartz sand, and calcium nitrate, aimed to provide scientific basis and technical support to control the sediment nutrient release under the background of water environment pollution by different concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. The control efficacy of test coating materials for sediment total phosphorous release was in the order of plastic > calcium nitrate > clinoptilolite > calcite > quartz sand, and that for sediment total nitrogen release was in the order of clinoptilolite > plastic > calcite > quartz sand > calcium nitrate. As for the release of sediment NO(3-)-N, the control efficacy of test coating materials was calcium nitrate > quartz sand > clinoptilolite > calcite > plastic coating; whereas for the release of sediment NH(4+)-N, the sequence was calcium nitrate > plastic coating > clinoptilolite > calcit