Recent research and numerous titles published in the West have proved views about “the end” of the Islamic philosophy after the death of Averroes to be unfounded, and testified to the existence of a rich intellectual tradition developed within Muslim intellectual circles. Epistemology, although inextricably linked to ontology and metaphysics, is one of the disciplines that are particularly cultivated within the later Islamic philosophical thought. This is shown in the article on the example of the doctrine of unification of intellector and intelligible (ittiḥād al-‛āqil wa alma‛qūl), and also on the idea of knowledge-by-presence (‛ilm al-ḥudūrī), which are categories that predominantly belong to Sadrian philosophical tradition.