Nanotechnologies have become one of the primary directions in the development of biosensing technologies. These nano-enhanced biosensors can achieve a lower limit of detection and better sensing characteristics than traditional sensors can. Within these biosensing technologies, impedimetric biosensors, which have been developed for decades in sensing technologies, have obtained great progress with the momentums of nanotechnologies. To address these advancements of nano-enhanced impedimetric biosensing technologies, in this work, we mainly focus on reviews of nanomaterial-based and nanostructure-based impedimetric biosensors. At the same time, several promising new assays based on nanotechnology are also summarized. And the relationship between the limit of detection to nanoscale techniques is presented to promote the following developments of nanoscale biosensing technologies.