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  • Povijesno-kulturni detalji ...
    Plukavec, Tomica

    Kaj, 11/2023, Letnik: 56, Številka: 3-4
    Journal Article

    U radu se analiziraju, kroz povijesno-kulturni pregled, detalji Zagrebačke katedrale oštećeni u potresu 22. ožujka 2020. godine. Katedrala je građena da bi svojom visinom fascinirala mnogobrojne vjernike i obične znatiželjnike. Zagrebačka katedrala smatra se simbolom Hrvatskog naroda, najveća je hrvatska sakralna građevina i jedan od najvrjednijih spomenika hrvatske kulturne baštine. Prva je i najznačajnija gotička građevina Hrvatske, i najmonumentalnija je gotička sakralna građevina jugoistočno od Alpa. Na pročelju među mnogobrojnom kamenom čipkom, kipovima i grbovima nalaze se i oznake alfe i omege, početka i svršetka. Na samom početku prema pečatnjaku Prvostolnog kaptola zagrebačkog iz 13. i 14. stoljeća katedrala je imala dva tornja. Tijekom povijesti je više puta stradavala. Nisu je mimoišle razne nedaće, ratovi, požari i potresi. Svakom nepogodom izgubila je dio svog sjaja i jedan, sjeverni, toranj. Nakon obnove uslijed Velikog potresa koji je pogodio Zagreb početkom studenog 1880. godine zadobila je neogotički izgled s dva vitka zvonika. Uslijed potresa 2020. godine ponovno je stradala. Vrhovi zvonika su skraćeni, čime je katedrala izgubila ''titulu'' najviše crkve u ovom dijelu Europe. Mnogi njeni zidovi su napukli, značajni umjetnički elementi oštećeni, dijelovi kipova i slika su demontirani i deponirani, konzervirani ili drvenim daskama prekriveni. Sveta euharistija se kao i prije 140 godina održava u župnoj crkvi sv. Marije na Dolcu. Ali na kraju, kada se ponovno otvori kao najpoznatiji spomenik kulture grada Zagreba, katedrala će opet postati mjesto posjeta stotina tisuća vjernika i turista, mjesto molitve i mjesto hodočašća na grob bl. Alojzija Stepinca. Specifics of the Zagreb Cathedral damage caused by the earthquake on March 22, 2020, are analyzed in the paper through a historic and cultural overview. The Cathedral was built to fascinate with its height numerous believers and the regular curious. The Zagreb Cathedral is considered a symbol of the Croatian people; it is the largest sacral building and one of the most valuable monuments of Croatia’s cultural heritage. It is the first and the most significant Gothic building of Croatia, as well as the most monumental Gothic sacral building southeast of the Alps. Among numerous stone lace decorations, statues, and coats of arms on the facade, there are markings of Alpha and Omega, the Beginning, and the End. According to the stamper of the Canon of Zagreb from the 13th and 14th century, at the very beginning the Cathedral had two towers. During history it survived through rough times, various misfortunes, wars, fires, and earthquakes. With each disastrous episode, it lost a part of its splendor and in one of them – the north tower. After the renovation following the strong earthquake that hit Zagreb at the beginning of November 1880, it was given a Neo-Gothic appearance with two slender bell towers. It was damaged once again in the 2020 earthquake. The tips of the bell towers were shortened, and the Cathedral lost the “title” of the highest church in this part of Europe. Many of its walls have cracked, significant artistic elements are damaged, parts of statues and paintings have been disassembled and deposited, conserved, or covered by wooden boards. The same as 140 years ago, the Holy Eucharist is being held in the Parish Church of St. Mary at Dolac. However, in the end, when it is re-opened as the most famous cultural monument of the City of Zagreb, the Cathedral will again become the place of visitation for hundreds of thousands of believers and tourists, the place of prayer and the place of pilgrimage to the tomb of Blessed Alojzije Stepinac.