Fire accidents are unpredictable, especially oil fires, which often lead to serious losses because they cannot be extinguished quickly. Accidents are unavoidable, even though it is desirable to prevent them with solid preventative measures. There are two approaches to the study of fire. On the one hand, it is to study the intrinsic safety of hazardous substances; on the other hand, it is to study the energy efficiency of fire extinguishing substances. While the latter tries to investigate effective control conditions, the former aims to prevent the occurrence of fires. In reality, as the most commonly used fire extinguishing carrier, water is an effective weapon for different fires. Therefore, with the purpose of environmental protection and energy conservation, the fire extinguishing effect of the water mist system under pure water and low concentration of green additives is explored. The self-made polymer composite additives and NaCl salt were compared with pure water mist system. The findings show that under this low-pressure system, 1% polymer composite additives had the best extinction efficiency enhancement, pure water under medium and high pressure was more effective, and 1% NaCl salt additive negatively correlated with the extinction efficiency.