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von Kienlin, A; Duncan, R. C; Zoglauer, A; Mitrofanov, I; Boynton, W; Wigger, C; Rau, A; Hurley, K; Boggs, S. E; Hudson, H; Smith, D. M; Thompson, C; Fellows, C; Krucker, S; Hurford, G; Lichti, G; Sanin, A; Cline, T; Hajdas, W; Lin, R
Nature, 04/2005, Letnik: 434, Številka: 7037Journal Article
Soft-gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) are galactic X-ray stars that emit numerous short-duration (about 0.1 s) bursts of hard X-rays during sporadic active periods. They are thought to be magnetars: strongly magnetized neutron stars with emissions powered by the dissipation of magnetic energy. Here we report the detection of a long (380 s) giant flare from SGR 1806-20, which was much more luminous than any previous transient event observed in our Galaxy. (In the first 0.2 s, the flare released as much energy as the Sun radiates in a quarter of a million years.) Its power can be explained by a catastrophic instability involving global crust failure and magnetic reconnection on a magnetar, with possible large-scale untwisting of magnetic field lines outside the star. From a great distance this event would appear to be a short-duration, hard-spectrum cosmic gamma-ray burst. At least a significant fraction of the mysterious short-duration gamma-ray bursts may therefore come from extragalactic magnetars.
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