In this study, ceramic coatings were prepared on the surface of 7N01 aluminum alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The effects of NaAlO2 concentration in electrolyte on the thickness, roughness and bonding strength of micro-arc oxidation coatings were studied. The morphology, element distribution and phase composition of MAO coatings were analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRD and other analytical methods. The effect of MAO coating on the wear and corrosion resistance of 7N01 aluminum alloy were also studied, and the corresponding mechanism diagrams were established respectively. The results showed that with the increase of NaAlO2 concentration, the thickness of the coating gradually increased, the roughness decreased first and then increased, and the bonding strength rose first and then decreased. The sharp reduction of the mass loss rate and wear scar width indicated that the coating has good wear resistance. The wear mechanism was a mixture of abrasive wear and adhesive wear. Both the immersion test and the measurement results of the potentiostatic polarization curve showed that the coating has good corrosion resistance. •NaAlO2 concentration can change coating thickness, roughness, bonding strength and micro morphology.•The coating can greatly improve the wear and corrosion resistance of 7N01 aluminum alloy.•The mechanism diagrams of wear and corrosion resistance are established.•Coating wear mechanisms include abrasive wear and adhesive wear.