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Han, Seungseok; Kim, Kyungmin; Lee, Sang Yeon; Moon, Seongjun; Lee, Jung‐Yong
Advanced materials (Weinheim), 03/2023, Letnik: 35, Številka: 11Journal Article
Liquid metals are attractive materials for stretchable electronics owing to their high electrical conductivity and near‐zero Young's modulus. However, the high surface tension of liquid metals makes it difficult to form films. A novel stretchable film is proposed based on an over‐layered liquid‐metal network. An intentionally oxidized interfacial layer helps to construct uninterrupted indium and gallium nanoclusters and produces additional electrical pathways between the two metal networks under mechanical deformation. The films exhibit gigantic negative piezoresistivity (G‐NPR), which decreased the resistance up to 85% during the first 50% stretching. This G‐NPR property is due to the rupture of the metal oxides, which allows the formation of liquid eutectic gallium‐indium (EGaIn) and the connection of the over‐layered networks to build new electrical paths. The electrodes exhibiting G‐NPR are complementarily combined with conventional electrodes to amplify their performance or achieve some unique operations. The fabrication of thin films with liquid metal is proposed using thermal evaporation. The oxide film on the liquid metal surface forms a unique structure as indium/oxide/gallium (InOG). The oxide film helps form conductivity and exhibits negative piezoresistivity by rupturing. InOG electrode exhibits controllable electrical properties and mechanical stability. InOG overcomes the limitations of conventional applications through unique properties.
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