•This paper innovatively introduced low temperature into ECM of DD6.•Low temperature suppresses the formation of passive film.•Low temperature reduces the self-corrosion potential difference between the two phases of DD6.•TaC on the surface is removed by peeling.•The processing surface quality is better in the cryogenic environment. Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a highly effective method for processing nickel-based single crystal (NBSC) superalloys. However, the influence of temperature on the electrochemical corrosion of NBSC remains underexplored. This study investigates the temperature dependence of the corrosion characteristics on the growth surface and its isomorphous perpendicular surface of NBSC DD6 were investigated. Results indicate that temperature significantly impacts the passivation and dissolution processes of the material: at low temperatures, the passivation effect weakens, and the differences in self-corrosion potential between phases decrease, leading to smaller variations in corrosion. Additionally, a mechanism is proposed to elucidate the temperature-dependent corrosion behaviors on different surfaces.