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Montgomery, Martha P.; Kamel, Freya; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.; Haines, Jonathan L.; Postel, Eric A.; Agarwal, Anita; Richards, Marie; Scott, William K.; Schmidt, Silke
Ophthalmic epidemiology, 02/2010, Letnik: 17, Številka: 1Journal Article
Purpose: To examine overall diet quality in relation to advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: This case-control study identified 437 advanced AMD patients and 259 unrelated controls using stereoscopic color fundus photographs. Participants were predominantly non-Hispanic White men and women from North Carolina and Tennessee. A 97-item Block food frequency questionnaire was used to gather diet information, and overall diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Results: Participants in the highest quartile of diet quality had significantly reduced odds of AMD according to the AHEI score (0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.30-0.99) and non-significantly reduced odds of AMD according to the HEI (0.75, 0.41-1.38). Odds of AMD were also 51% lower in the highest quartile of fish intake compared to the lowest quartile (odds ratio = 0.49, 0.26-0.90). Conclusions: We found that advanced AMD was significantly related to overall diet quality. The AHEI score may be a useful instrument for assessing AMD risk due to diet, and it could potentially be improved by incorporating more specific information regarding micronutrient intake.
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