E-viri
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Jamil Salmi
Beyond Criminology, 11/2015Book Chapter
On 21 October 1989, the Berlin wall fell, announcing the collapse of the Soviet empire and the demise of twentieth-century socialism. In a much-celebrated article published the same year, a senior official of the US Department of State, Francis Fukuyama, announced the ‘end of history’, celebrating ‘the unabashed victory of economic and political liberalism and the universalisation of western democracy as the final form of human government’ (Fukuyama, 1989: 37). Indeed, the Cold War is over and capitalism has prevailed; such terms as market economy, freedom and democracy can now be interchangeably used. And yet, how do we reconcile the
