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Hara, Yuki; Merten, Christoph A.
Developmental cell, 06/2015, Letnik: 33, Številka: 5Journal Article
Nuclear size changes dynamically during development and has long been observed to correlate with the space surrounding the nucleus, as well as with the volume of the cell. Here we combine an in vitro cell-free system of Xenopus laevis egg extract with microfluidic devices to systematically analyze the effect of spatial constraints. The speed of nuclear expansion depended on the available space surrounding the nucleus up to a threshold volume in the nanoliter range, herein referred to as the nuclear domain. Under spatial constraints smaller than this nuclear domain, the size of microtubule-occupied space surrounding the nucleus turned out to be limiting for the accumulation of membranes around the nucleus via the motor protein dynein, therefore determining the speed of nuclear expansion. This mechanism explains how spatial information surrounding the nucleus, such as the positioning of the nucleus inside the cell, can control nuclear expansion. Display omitted •The speed of nuclear expansion depends on the available volume around the nucleus•Spatial constraints limit the accumulation of membranes around the nucleus•The amount of accumulated membranes is controlled by microtubules and dynein Nucleus size is dynamic and correlates with its spatial context. Hara and Merten use a cell-free system and microfluidic devices to show that nuclear expansion speed depends on spatial constraints around the nucleus and that active control of membrane accumulation around the nucleus by microtubules and dynein modulates nuclear growth.
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