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  • Reljić Slobodan

    03/2013
    Dissertation

    Modern capitalism has changed from a competitive and entrepreneurial model into a corporate one, civil democracy has been become manipulative mass democracy, and the media have from a „libertarian concept, where their basic function was to „serve the people and be the „fourth pillar of democracy- turned into a „propagandist model whose principal objective is profit and protection of the corporate system. The social process has been accompanied by a series of individual projects in which the media/the press: a) are tied to big corporations by advertising revenue and transformed into an unquestioning promotional machine of consumerism; b) media ownership has been concentrated into an unimaginably small number of hands; c) the media themselves have become part of the corporate structures and subject to identical managerial governance; d) limitless and invisible lobbying pressures, aggressive PR mechanisms, and the most sophisticated method, spin – have become commonplace in the direct production of news besides the traditional ways of guidance and control built into the status of the journalistic profession and the manner of organising editorial offices. The corporate state has secured legitimacy for all the monopolistic interests of the tiny social segment of the immensely rich. The „consciousness industry complex, with the media as its mailed fist, has managed to sustain a perception of constant progress and preservation of the highest values of capitalism and democracy. The main expressive means of the media is no longer the (freely) spoken word, which is the basic substrate of (liberal) democracy, but image, which is far more successful in manipulating the masses and characteristic of totalitarian societies, and is besides television unavoidable in the development of new internet-based communications and digitalisation projects. The most important consequence of these changes is that media of this type, „amidst a crisis of enormous proportions and global significance, are not capable of fulfilling their historical role of the „mother of all revolutions and of being in this day and age among the most important champions of the crucial and far-reaching social changes which appear inevitable. Savremeni kapitalizam se od preduzetničkog prometnuo u korporativni, građanska demokratija se transformisala u masovnu i manipulativnu, a mediji su pretrpeli adaptaciju „liberterijanskog koncepta“ - u kome im je osnovna funkcija „služenje narodu“, tj. uloga „četvrtog stuba demokratije“ - u „propagandni model“ gde je prevashodni cilj ostvarivanje profita i zaštita korporativnog sistema. Taj društveni proces pratilo je niz pojedinačnih projekata u kojima su mediji: a) preko advertajzing-odnosa vezani za krupni kapital i pretvarani u bezrezervnog promotera potrošačke kulture; b) vlasništvo nad medijima je koncentrisano u nepojmljivo mali broj ruku; v) i sami mediji su postali deo korporativnih struktura i podvedeni pod istovrsno menadžersko upravljanje; g) u neposrednoj proizvodnji vesti pored tradicionalnih načina usmeravanja i kontrole, ugrađenih u status profesije i načina organizovanja redakcije, odomaćili su se u javnosti nevidljivi lobistički pritisci, ofanzivni PR mehanizmi kao i najsofisticiraniji metod - spin. Korporativna država je za te monopolske interesa sloja najbogatijih obezbedila legalitet. Kompleks „industrije svesti“ održavao je privide da je se radi o progresu i očuvanju najviših vrednosti društva. Osnovno izražajno sredstvo medija nije više (slobodna) reč, što je i osnovni supstrat (liberalne) demokratije, već slika koja je neuporedivo sugestibilnija u manipulacijama masama i prijemčivija totalitarnijim društvima, a pored televizije nezaobilazna je i u razvoju novih internet-komunikacija i projekata digitalizacije. Najznačajnija posledica ovih promena je što mediji, a „usred jedne krize ogromnih razmera i globalnog značaja“, nisu osposobljeni da ispune istorijski ulogu „majke svih revolucija“ i u ovom dobu budu među najvažnijim nosiocima ključnih i dalekosežnih društvenih promena koje se čine neizbežnim.